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目的分析辽宁省大连地区潜水捕捞作业人员急性减压病发病情况及影响因素,为相关部门制定相应干预措施提供理论依据,控制和减少急性减压病的发生。方法抽取大连地区沿海6个县区(旅顺口区、金州区、庄河地区、西岗区、甘井子区、长海县)共171家用人单位的642人进行问卷调查。结果 642名潜水作业人员,年度总下水次数392 845次,急性减压病的年发生次数507次,急性减压病的年平均发生率为1.3‰(人次);发病人数488例,占总人数的76%,其中轻度261例,占40.6%,中度91例,占14.2%,重度136例,占21.2%;潜水深度越深,潜水时间及潜水间隔时间越长,急性减压病的发病率越高;从事潜水作业之前对潜水知识非常了解以及潜水后严格规范减压的潜水作业人员急性减压病的发病频率低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。潜水深度(OR=1.112)、潜水方式(OR=3.950)是急性减压病发病的主要危险因素。结论潜水深度、潜水方式可能是大连地区潜水捕捞作业人员急性减压病的主要影响因素,潜水深度越深及重装潜水更易发生急性减压病。
Objective To analyze the incidence of acute decompression sickness and its influencing factors among diving workers in Dalian, Liaoning Province, and provide theoretical basis for relevant departments to formulate corresponding intervention measures to control and reduce the occurrence of acute decompression sickness. Methods A total of 642 people from 171 employers in 6 counties (Lushunkou, Jinzhou, Zhuanghe, Xigang, Ganjingzi, Changhai) along the coast of Dalian were surveyed. Results A total of 642 diving workers, 392 845 times of total annual discharges, 507 annual incidences of acute decompression sickness and 1.3 ‰ (person-times) incidence of acute decompression sickness were recorded. The number of the patients was 488, accounting for the total number , Of which 261 cases were mild, accounting for 40.6%, 91 cases were moderate, accounting for 14.2% and 136 cases were severe, accounting for 21.2%. The deeper the diving depth was, the longer the diving and diving intervals were. The incidence of acute decompression sickness The incidence of acute decompression sickness was very low (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Before the diving operation, the knowledge of diving knowledge was well known and the diving workers who strictly regulated decompression after diving were less likely to have acute decompression sickness. Diving depth (OR = 1.112) and diving pattern (OR = 3.950) were the main risk factors for the development of acute decompression sickness. Conclusions Diving depth and submersible mode may be the main influencing factors of acute decompression sickness in diving workers in Dalian. The deeper the diving depth and the more prone to decompression sickness are in reloading diving.