目的　探讨飞行人员胆脂瘤型中耳炎的特点。　方法　总结飞行人员胆脂瘤型中耳炎资料 6例 7耳 ,其中右耳 5例 ,双耳 1例。　结果　 4例 4耳手术治疗后干耳 ,2例 3耳观察 ;2例飞行暂不合格 ,4例飞行合格。　结论　咽鼓管机能障碍是飞行人员胆脂瘤型中耳炎的主要病因。医学鉴定根据术后听力损失程度、咽鼓管机能状况和其他因素综合考虑 Objective To explore the characteristics of pilots with cholesteatoma otitis media. Methods The data of 6 cases of cholesteatoma otitis media from pilots were summarized, including 5 cases of right ear and 1 case of binaural otitis. Results 4 cases of 4 ears after ear surgery treatment, 2 cases of 3 ears observed; 2 cases temporarily failed, 4 cases of flight qualified. Conclusion Eustachian tube dysfunction is the main cause of cholesteatoma otitis media in pilots. Medical assessment based on the degree of postoperative hearing loss, Eustachian tube function status and other factors considered