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生态含混指的是人类与环境复杂、矛盾的相互作用的含混和难以确定,也指人们对自然的认识、对待自然的态度、行为与结果的复杂性与矛盾性。世界各国文学对人与自然关系的书写很多都体现了这种生态含混,而东亚文学的生态书写更以生态含混为主要特征之一。生态含混这一现象的揭示,对于生态批评全面准确地理解和评价文学作品的生态思想或反生态思想具有重要意义,有助于生态批评避免简单化和片面化。
Ecological ambiguity refers to the complex and contradictory interaction between mankind and the environment that is difficult to determine. It also refers to the complexity and contradiction of people’s understanding of nature and the attitude towards nature, their behaviors and their results. Many of the world’s literary writings on the relationship between man and nature embody this kind of ecological ambiguity, while the ecological writing in East Asian literature is one of the main characteristics of ecological ambiguity. The revelation of the phenomenon of ecological ambiguity is of great significance to ecocriticism in comprehensively and accurately understanding and evaluating the ecological ideas or anti-ecological thoughts of literary works, and helps to avoid simplistic and one-sided ecological criticism.