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中考英语试题对动词不定式的考查是必不可少的。为帮助同学们学好、用好动词不定式，本文以一些试题为例，谈谈中考英语对动词不定式的考查热点。
一、考查动词不定式作主语
1. It’s our duty______the room every day.
A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans
2. It’s hard for us______English well.
A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning
3. It will take the workers over a year______the flyover.
A. build B. to build C. be building D. have built
4. It’s very nice______you to get me two tickets______the World Cup.
A. for，of B. of，for C. to，for D. of，to
Key：1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B
[简析] 用it作形式主语时，真正的主语常常是后面的动词不定式。以上四例代表了四种句式：(1) It is + 名词 (for sb) to do sth. (2) It is + 形容词 (for sb) to do sth. (3) It takes sb some time to do sth. (4) It is + 形容词 (of sb) to do sth. 句式(4)中作表语用的形容词多为nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless等，句式(2)中作表语用的形容词多为hard，difficult，easy，important等。
二、考查动词不定式作宾语
1. He wants______some vegetables.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys
2. Don’t forget______your homework with you when you come to school.
A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking
3. He found it very difficult______.
A. sleeping B. sleeps
C. slept D. to fall asleep
Key：1. C 2. A 3. D
[简析] 在want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接动词不定式作宾语。如果宾语后面还有形容词作宾语补足语，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语用的动词不定式置于句末。
三、考查动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. Robert often asks us______his Chinese，so his Chinese is much better than before.
A. help him B. to help him with
C. to help with D. helps him with
2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends______Chinese food.
A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked
Key：1. B 2. C
[简析] 在ask，teach，expect，tell，allow等动词后面可用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
四、考查动词不定式作状语
1. She went______her teacher.
A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing
2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best______English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns
Key：1. A 2. C
[简析] go，come，try，do/try one’s best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常可接动词不定式作目的状语。
3. I’m sorry______that.
A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear
4. My mother was very glad______her old friend.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
Key：3. D 4. A
[简析] “be + 形容词 + to do sth”结构中的to do sth常可用作原因状语。
五、考查动词不定式作定语
1. Would you like something______?
A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks
2. I have a lot of homework______.
A. do B. doing C. did D. to do
3. He is not an easy man______.
A. get on B. to get on
C. get on with D. to get on with
Key：1. C 2. D 3. D
[简析] 动词不定式作定语时，需要后置，它与被修饰的词语构成逻辑上的主谓关系、动宾关系或动状关系；如果动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词。这样构成的短语动词在意义上相当于及物动词。
六、考查不带to的动词不定式
1. We saw him______the building and go upstairs.
A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered
2. So much work usually makes them______very tired.
A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel
3. Your father is sleeping. You’d better______.
A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him
C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up
4. I was made______my homework in the afternoon.
A. do B. doing C. to do D. did
Key：1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C
[简析] 1. 在see，watch，hear，feel等感官动词和make，have，let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to。 若将这些感官动词和使役动词变为被动语态，则在其后作主语补足语的动词不定式要带to。 2. 在“had better”后面也应接不带to的动词不定式。
七、考查动词不定式否定式的构成
1. Mr Black asked the man______the queue.
A. not to jump B. to not jump
C. didn’t jump D. not jump
2. The old man told the child______noisy.
A. not be B. not to be
C. to not be D. be not
3. There is going to______an important meeting tomorrow. Please try______late.
A. have；not to be B. have；not be
C. be；not to be D. be；not be
Key：1. A 2. B 3. C
[简析] 在动词不定式符号to的前面加上not，就可构成动词不定式的否定式。如果要构成不带to的动词不定式的否定式，就直接在动词原形前面加上not。
八、考查某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式时意义上的差别
1. Please stop______a rest if you feel tired.
A. to have B. having C. have D. has
2. —Why didn’t you buy some bread on your way home?
—Sorry，I forgot______some money with me.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. took
3. —Let’s have a rest，shall we?
—Not now，I can’t stop______the letters.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write
4. Jim was badly hurt，so he had to stop______(walk). (用所给单词的正确形式填空)
Key：1. A 2. C 3. C 4. walking
[简析] “stop to do sth”意为“停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事”，“stop doing sth”意为“停止做某事”；“remember to do sth”意为“记住去做某事”(事还未做)，“remember doing sth”意为“记得做过某事”(事已做)；“go on to do sth”意为“接着去做某事”(做完一件事，接着做另一件事)，“go on doing sth”意为“继续做某事”(一件事未做完接着往下做)；“forget to do sth”意为“忘了做某事”(事还未做)，“forget doing sth”意为“忘了曾经做过某事”(事已做)。
5. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane______over my head.
A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly
6. A woman saw it______when she was walking past.
A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen
Key：5. B 6. A
[简析] 在see，hear，watch，feel等感官动词后面可接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语。动词不定式表示动作的全过程(动作已结束)，动词的-ing形式表示动作当时正在进行(动作尚未结束)。
九、考查动词不定式的省略形式及其符号to的保留
1. —Would you like to go to the cinema with us?
—Yes，______. What time are we going to meet?
A. I would B. I would like
C. I like to D. I’d like to
2. —Would you like to go for a picnic with us?
—______. What time are we going to meet?
A. No，I can’t B. Yes，I’m glad
C. Yes，I’d love to D. I’d like
Key：1. D 2. C
[简析] 在口语中，动词不定式的动词或短语动词在上下文中重复出现时，第二个动词不定式中的动词原形可以省略，但是动词不定式符号to不可省略。这种用法常见于“be glad to”，“would like (love) to”，“have to”等结构中。
十、考查动词不定式的被动式
The new hospital______is near the factory.
A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built
Key：D
[简析] 动词不定式有主动形式，也有被动形式。其被动形式的构成模式为“to be + 过去分词”。
一、考查动词不定式作主语
1. It’s our duty______the room every day.
A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans
2. It’s hard for us______English well.
A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning
3. It will take the workers over a year______the flyover.
A. build B. to build C. be building D. have built
4. It’s very nice______you to get me two tickets______the World Cup.
A. for，of B. of，for C. to，for D. of，to
Key：1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B
[简析] 用it作形式主语时，真正的主语常常是后面的动词不定式。以上四例代表了四种句式：(1) It is + 名词 (for sb) to do sth. (2) It is + 形容词 (for sb) to do sth. (3) It takes sb some time to do sth. (4) It is + 形容词 (of sb) to do sth. 句式(4)中作表语用的形容词多为nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless等，句式(2)中作表语用的形容词多为hard，difficult，easy，important等。
二、考查动词不定式作宾语
1. He wants______some vegetables.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys
2. Don’t forget______your homework with you when you come to school.
A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking
3. He found it very difficult______.
A. sleeping B. sleeps
C. slept D. to fall asleep
Key：1. C 2. A 3. D
[简析] 在want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接动词不定式作宾语。如果宾语后面还有形容词作宾语补足语，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语用的动词不定式置于句末。
三、考查动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. Robert often asks us______his Chinese，so his Chinese is much better than before.
A. help him B. to help him with
C. to help with D. helps him with
2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends______Chinese food.
A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked
Key：1. B 2. C
[简析] 在ask，teach，expect，tell，allow等动词后面可用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
四、考查动词不定式作状语
1. She went______her teacher.
A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing
2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best______English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns
Key：1. A 2. C
[简析] go，come，try，do/try one’s best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常可接动词不定式作目的状语。
3. I’m sorry______that.
A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear
4. My mother was very glad______her old friend.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
Key：3. D 4. A
[简析] “be + 形容词 + to do sth”结构中的to do sth常可用作原因状语。
五、考查动词不定式作定语
1. Would you like something______?
A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks
2. I have a lot of homework______.
A. do B. doing C. did D. to do
3. He is not an easy man______.
A. get on B. to get on
C. get on with D. to get on with
Key：1. C 2. D 3. D
[简析] 动词不定式作定语时，需要后置，它与被修饰的词语构成逻辑上的主谓关系、动宾关系或动状关系；如果动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词。这样构成的短语动词在意义上相当于及物动词。
六、考查不带to的动词不定式
1. We saw him______the building and go upstairs.
A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered
2. So much work usually makes them______very tired.
A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel
3. Your father is sleeping. You’d better______.
A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him
C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up
4. I was made______my homework in the afternoon.
A. do B. doing C. to do D. did
Key：1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C
[简析] 1. 在see，watch，hear，feel等感官动词和make，have，let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to。 若将这些感官动词和使役动词变为被动语态，则在其后作主语补足语的动词不定式要带to。 2. 在“had better”后面也应接不带to的动词不定式。
七、考查动词不定式否定式的构成
1. Mr Black asked the man______the queue.
A. not to jump B. to not jump
C. didn’t jump D. not jump
2. The old man told the child______noisy.
A. not be B. not to be
C. to not be D. be not
3. There is going to______an important meeting tomorrow. Please try______late.
A. have；not to be B. have；not be
C. be；not to be D. be；not be
Key：1. A 2. B 3. C
[简析] 在动词不定式符号to的前面加上not，就可构成动词不定式的否定式。如果要构成不带to的动词不定式的否定式，就直接在动词原形前面加上not。
八、考查某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式时意义上的差别
1. Please stop______a rest if you feel tired.
A. to have B. having C. have D. has
2. —Why didn’t you buy some bread on your way home?
—Sorry，I forgot______some money with me.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. took
3. —Let’s have a rest，shall we?
—Not now，I can’t stop______the letters.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write
4. Jim was badly hurt，so he had to stop______(walk). (用所给单词的正确形式填空)
Key：1. A 2. C 3. C 4. walking
[简析] “stop to do sth”意为“停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事”，“stop doing sth”意为“停止做某事”；“remember to do sth”意为“记住去做某事”(事还未做)，“remember doing sth”意为“记得做过某事”(事已做)；“go on to do sth”意为“接着去做某事”(做完一件事，接着做另一件事)，“go on doing sth”意为“继续做某事”(一件事未做完接着往下做)；“forget to do sth”意为“忘了做某事”(事还未做)，“forget doing sth”意为“忘了曾经做过某事”(事已做)。
5. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane______over my head.
A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly
6. A woman saw it______when she was walking past.
A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen
Key：5. B 6. A
[简析] 在see，hear，watch，feel等感官动词后面可接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语。动词不定式表示动作的全过程(动作已结束)，动词的-ing形式表示动作当时正在进行(动作尚未结束)。
九、考查动词不定式的省略形式及其符号to的保留
1. —Would you like to go to the cinema with us?
—Yes，______. What time are we going to meet?
A. I would B. I would like
C. I like to D. I’d like to
2. —Would you like to go for a picnic with us?
—______. What time are we going to meet?
A. No，I can’t B. Yes，I’m glad
C. Yes，I’d love to D. I’d like
Key：1. D 2. C
[简析] 在口语中，动词不定式的动词或短语动词在上下文中重复出现时，第二个动词不定式中的动词原形可以省略，但是动词不定式符号to不可省略。这种用法常见于“be glad to”，“would like (love) to”，“have to”等结构中。
十、考查动词不定式的被动式
The new hospital______is near the factory.
A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built
Key：D
[简析] 动词不定式有主动形式，也有被动形式。其被动形式的构成模式为“to be + 过去分词”。