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一,目标识别的重要性和问题军事信息是决定战争胜负的关键因素。中国古代的《孙子兵法》,从军事哲学角度,曾简洁而精辟地归纳为: 在军事信息上做到“形人而我无形”可达到“我专而敌分”“以众击寡”的目的,即“知己知彼,百战不殆……不知己不知彼,每战必殆。”近代,英国的运筹学家弗·威·兰彻斯特(1868—1946)提出的半经验、半理论的著名的战争数学模型——兰彻斯特平方律指出: ▲一支部队的战斗实力,正比于其战斗单位数量的平方与单个战斗单位的平均战斗力的乘积。▲甲方战斗单位的损失速率,正比于乙方战斗单位的数量和乙方每个战斗单位的平均战斗力的乘积。▲当双方的战斗实力不同时,战斗中各自的损失速率也不同。强弱悬殊情况下,结果将是弱者被全歼,而强者损失甚微。
I. The Importance and Problems of Target Identification Military information is the key factor that determines the outcome of a war. In ancient China, “Art of War” was concisely and incisively summarized from the perspective of military philosophy. It can be achieved in the military information that “the humanoid form and my invisibleness” can achieve the goal of “combining our expertise with the enemy” Purpose, that is, “know ourselves, know yourself ... I do not know each other, every war must be perilous.” In modern times, British doctrine researcher 弗威威兰chester (1868-1946) proposed semi-empirical, semi-theoretical famous Mathematical Model of War - Lancaster Square Law states: ▲ The combat effectiveness of a force is proportional to the product of the square of the number of units fielded and the average combat effectiveness of a single unit. ▲ The loss rate of Party A’s fighting units is directly proportional to the number of fighting units of Party B and the average combat effectiveness of each fighting unit of Party B. ▲ When the fighting strength of both parties is different, the respective loss rates in combat are also different. In the case of a disparity between strengths and weaknesses, the result will be that the weaker are wiped out and the strong lose little.