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目的通过对闽南山区405例学龄前儿童5种微量元素的检测,了解其微量元素水平,为建立合理的膳食结构提供依据。方法使用原子吸收光谱仪对405例学龄前儿童进行铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素的检测,并用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果 405例学龄前儿童微量元素检测,发现在1岁~3岁年龄段儿童中锌含量的平均值低于正常值水平,在1岁年龄段的儿童铁含量的平均值低于正常值水平;在不同学龄组段学龄前儿童微量元素的检测中,以锌、钙、铁缺乏差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。同时在不同学龄组段学龄前儿童中,以锌和铁微量元素缺乏最为明显,分别为65.93%和34.07%,并且随着年龄的增加,缺乏比例逐渐下降。结论学龄前儿童锌、铁缺乏较为严重,尤其以3岁以下的儿童为主。重视微量元素的监测和合理饮食的指导至关重要。
Objective To detect the levels of trace elements in 405 preschool children in the mountainous area of Minnan, and to provide the basis for establishing a reasonable dietary structure. Methods A total of 405 pre-school children were tested for copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium and iron by atomic absorption spectrometry. SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 405 preschoolers were tested for trace elements. The average zinc content in children aged 1 to 3 years was lower than the normal level, while the average iron content in children aged 1 year was lower than the normal level. In the different age groups preschool children trace elements detection, zinc, calcium, iron deficiency was statistically significant difference (P <0.05). At the same time, among the preschool children of different age groups, the deficiency of trace elements of zinc and iron was the most obvious, which was 65.93% and 34.07%, respectively. And the proportion of the lacking gradually decreased with age. Conclusions Preschoolers are deficient in zinc and iron, especially children under 3 years of age. Attention to the monitoring of trace elements and the guidance of a reasonable diet are essential.