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目的探讨儿科以发热为主要症状的住院病人的病因以及病程、热型等与临床诊断的关系。方法2002年1月1日～2004年12月31日符合本组条件的病人1678例,对其性别、年龄、临床表现、实验室检查、入院前发热时间、热型、以及病因、病原等进行临床分析。结果本组例数占同期病人总数的2.5%;男:女为1.74:1。病因分布前三位依次为感染性疾病、结缔组织病、和恶性疾病。感染性疾病的病原依次为病毒、细菌、支原体和结核杆菌。三种病因的热型表现为弛张热和不规则发热。发热时间愈长,临床中毒症状愈重。部分病人可以通过临床表现、常规实验室检查明确诊断,而住院时间短对诊断不利。结论儿科的发热性疾病是最常见的一类疾病,其病因复杂。早期明确诊断是有效治疗的前提。感染性疾病、结缔组织病和肿瘤为三大主要病因。临床表现、常规实验室检查以及发热时间、住院时间对于诊断和治疗非常重要。
Objective To investigate the causes of pediatric fever with the main symptoms and the relationship between disease course, fever type and clinical diagnosis. Methods From January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2004, 1678 patients who met the criteria of this group were enrolled in this study. Their gender, age, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, fever time before admission, fever type, etiology and pathogens Clinical analysis. Results The number of cases accounted for 2.5% of the total number of patients in the same period; male: female 1.74: 1. The distribution of the first three followed by infectious disease, connective tissue disease, and malignant disease. Pathogen of infectious diseases followed by viruses, bacteria, Mycoplasma and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The three causes of fever manifested as fever and irregular fever. The longer the fever, the more clinical symptoms of poisoning. Some patients through clinical manifestations, routine laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis, and short hospitalization of the diagnosis of adverse. Conclusions Pediatric febrile illness is the most common type of disease with a complex underlying cause. Early diagnosis is the premise of effective treatment. Infectious diseases, connective tissue diseases and tumors are the three major causes. Clinical manifestations, routine laboratory tests and fever, hospital stay are important for diagnosis and treatment.