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光绪三十年(1904)三月王照向清廷的“自首”并非一般意义上的投案,其中的内情也不能完全依据其自述来解释。现存台北故宫的清代档案为还原历史真相提供了原始依据;当时津、沪等地的报刊,特别是《大公报》对案件的连续报道,体现出舆论对王照的声援和同情,为今人分析事件原委提供了丰富的参考。研究表明,王照流亡日本期间与犬养毅的一次笔谈,揭露了康、梁伪造密诏的内幕,其中夹杂着革命、保皇两派斗争的政治因素,而笔谈的传播,客观上澄清了光绪帝参与“围园密谋”的冤情,在朝野各界产生了广泛共鸣,使王照庚子年回国隐居及后来主动投案成为可能。重建史实,梳理王照“自首”问题,有助于重新认识这位维新志士在晚清史上非同寻常的历史地位。
In the thirty years Guangxu (1904), Wang Zhao’s “surrender” to the Qing court was not a general surrender, nor could his internal situation be fully explained by his own account. The existing Qing archives of the Forbidden City in Taipei provided the original basis for the restoration of historical truth. At that time, the newspapers and periodicals in Tianjin, Shanghai and elsewhere, and the continuous coverage of the case in Ta Kung Pao, reflected the solidarity and sympathy of the media with Wang Zhao for the sake of today Analysis of the incident provided a rich source of reference. The study shows that Wang’s death during his exile in Japan and dog Yang Yi written a brief talk on the Kang, Liang forged Insider confidential, mixed with the political factors of struggle between the two schools of revolution, imperialism, and the spread of the written discussion objectively clarified Emperor Guangxu The grievances involved in the encirclement of the “encirclement in the garden” have had broad resonance among all walks of life in both the government and the public, making it possible for Wang Zaogan to return to China in a seclusion and take the initiative to surrender. Reconstructing the historical facts and combing Wang Zhao’s “surrender” issue help to re-understand the extraordinary historical status of this reformer in the history of the late Qing Dynasty.