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为实现优生和提高人口素质，对安徽地区１５０例智力低下患儿进行细胞遗传学研究，共发现染色体异常２７例，检出率为１８％。其中，常染色体异常１９例，性染色体异常８例。发现先天愚型１９例，所占比例最大，为６２．９６％，其次为脆性Ｘ综合征４例，占异常比例的１４．８％。结果提示：对不明原因智力低下及行为障碍的患者，在排除非遗传性因素（如感染、环境因素等）影响下，染色体异常是智力低下患者的重要病因之一。
In order to achieve eugenics and improve the quality of the population, 150 cases of mental retardation in Anhui area were studied by cytogenetics, 27 cases of chromosomal abnormalities were found, the detection rate was 18%. Among them, autosomal abnormalities in 19 cases, 8 cases of sex chromosome abnormalities. In 19 cases of Down’s syndrome, the largest proportion was 62.96%, followed by Fragile X syndrome in 4 cases, accounting for 14.8% of the abnormal proportion. The results suggest that in patients with unknown causes of mental retardation and behavioral disorders, excluding non-genetic factors (such as infection, environmental factors, etc.), chromosomal abnormalities is one of the important causes of mental retardation.