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本文对慢性病病因学研究中出现的新一类研究设计进行了系统的介绍和讨论。主要介绍了两大类混合型或综合式研究设计，即在队列研究中开展嵌入式病例对照研究设计与病例－队列研究设计。从具体的设计过程和方案到相对应的统计方法做了详细的说明和比较。同时对两类研究设计的特点进行了概括和总结
This paper systematically introduces and discusses a new type of research design that appears in the etiology of chronic diseases. Mainly introduces two kinds of mixed or comprehensive research design, namely in the cohort study to carry out embedded case-control study design and case-cohort study design. From the specific design process and program to the corresponding statistical methods made a detailed description and comparison. At the same time, the characteristics of the two types of research design are summarized and summarized