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前言:影响跳高成绩的因素是多方面的,它包括运动员的情绪、体力、心理状态以及场地器材和气候等等,构成跳高成绩H的基本因素是:(H=H1+H2-H3)而起决定因素的是——人体重心的最大腾空高度H2。本文采用助跑在跳高中的位置和助跑与起跳的关系,进一步阐明助跑在跳高中的重要作用。并用跳高姿势演变过程与助跑有着内在的因果联系,对跳高的发展趋向进行了推论。一、助跑在跳高中的位置跳高首先具备的是腾空高度,而使得人体腾起的关键技术是踏跳,运动员跳起的腾空高度取决于固定位置的起跳还是在助跑结束时起跳,如其他条件相同,那助跑起跳就比原地起跳要高。据(伊诺长的)研究:原地、一步、三步、五步助跑跳起摸高都逐有变化,后面这三种助跑法的平均值分别为23.0吋、25.3吋和25.5吋都比原地跳起摸高的平均值高得多。因此,在要求最大高度而时间和其他条件又许可的情况下,运动员应在起跳前助跑。所以,助跑被例为跳高技术(助跑、起跳、腾空、落地)的环节首位。二、助跑与起跳的关系1.助跑虽然是跳高的一个主要技术环节,但决定跳高成绩的主要因素是助跑前提下的起跳。我们都知道,只有跳得高,才能完成过杆技术,达到跳高目的。
Preface: There are many factors that affect the performance of high jump. It includes the emotion, physical strength, mental state of athletes and equipment, climate, etc. The basic factors that make up the high grade H are: (H = H1 + H2-H3) The deciding factor is - the maximum vacant height of the body center of gravity H2. In this paper, the position of the run-up in high jump and the relationship between run-up and take-off are analyzed in this paper to further clarify the important role of run-up in high jump. And with the high jump posture evolution and run-up has an inherent causal relationship, the development trend of high jump inference. First, the run-up in the high jump position The first step is to have the vacated height, leaving the human body is the key technology is to jump, the height of the athlete’s jump depends on whether the fixed position take-off or take-off at the end of the run, such as other conditions The same, then take-off and landing jump higher than the original take-off. According to (Ino Long) research: in situ, one-step, three-step, five-step jumpers are all subject to change, the average of these three run-up method were 23.0 inches, 25.3 inches and 25.5 inches than the average In situ jump touch high average much higher. Therefore, athletes should run before jumping before maximum height is required and time and other conditions permit. Therefore, the run was cited as the first high jump technique (run, take off, vacate, landing) link. Second, the relationship between the run-up and take-off 1. Although the run-up is a major technical link, but decided to jump the main factor in performance is run-off under the premise of running. We all know that only jumping high in order to complete the pole technology to achieve the purpose of high jump.