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鉴于直接左转机动车交通常是路口事故和延误的诱因之一,左转禁驶在许多研究中都作为一项安全措施处理.直接左转处理方式有多种,大致包括:(1)下游路口右转后U形调头直行;(2)当前路口右转后在下一路口前的隔离带打U形调头直行;(3)当前路口右转后在下一路口后的隔离带打U形调头直行;(4)在当前路口上游打“壶柄状(Jug Handle)”转行;(5)在当前路口下游打“壶柄状”转行.这五种措施的基本原则是将直接的左转行交通转换成发生在其它地点(比如下游路口,隔离带或横向街道等)的不同形态的转向交通,可称作“非直接左转交通”.而这些“非直接左转交通”不同程度地改变了驾驶人员的驾驶行为和安全因素.根据一些州的实际例子以及作者的实践经验,本文就“非直接左转交通”措施对行驶行为和安全的影响进行研究,包括转向操作,驾驶目标,行驶速度,车速干扰,行驶时间,转向中对可接受的车流空隙感觉判断.另外,“非直接左转交通”引起冲突区域,冲突点分布和碰撞类型等方面的变化对驾驶人员的安全影响也进行了分析.最后,本文总结了“非直接左转交通”措施的主要特点以及所涉及的一些尚待解决的难点问题.
Left-turn driving has been treated as a safety measure in many studies, as direct left-turn motor vehicle traffic is often one of the causes of intersection accidents and delays. There are a variety of direct left-turn approaches, broadly including: (1) Downstream Turn right after the U-shaped U-turn; (2) turn right after the current junction in the next junction before the U-turn U-turn; (3) turn right after the current intersection after the next junction of the U-turn U-turn straight ; (4) At the current juncture to hit the “Jug handle” (Jug Handle) “switch; (5) at the current juncture to hit” kettle handle “switch to the basic principles of these five measures is to direct Left-turn traffic is converted into different forms of turn-by-turn traffic that occur at other locations such as downstream junctions, girds, or cross streets, and can be referred to as ”indirect left turn traffic.“ And these ”non-direct turn left Traffic “changed driver’s driving behavior and safety to varying degrees.According to the actual cases in some states and the author’s practical experience, this paper studies the influence of” indirect left turn traffic “on driving behavior and safety , Including steering operation, driving target, driving speed, speed disturbance, driving , The steering wheel to determine the acceptable feeling of traffic gap.In addition, ”indirect left turn traffic “ caused by the conflict area, the distribution of conflict points and the impact of changes in the type of impact on the safety of drivers are also analyzed.Finally, This article summarizes the main features of the ”indirect left turn traffic" measures and some of the difficult issues that remain to be solved.