目的观察PolyIC佐剂狂犬病疫苗诱导小鼠的免疫应答。方法将PolyIC佐剂狂犬病地鼠肾细胞疫苗(PHKCV+P)、人用狂犬病地鼠肾细胞疫苗(PHKCV)和中国狂犬病疫苗参考品(R)稀释后,分别于0d1次和0、7d2次腹腔注射BALB/c小鼠,另设PolyIC佐剂对照组(P)和空白对照组(N),并分别于初免后第7天和第14天处死小鼠,分离血清,检测中和抗体水平;同时取脾脏,采用ELISPOT法检测脾淋巴细胞经狂犬病疫苗刺激后分泌IFNγ的水平;另1组相同免疫的小鼠于初免后第7天和第14天用CVS毒株经脑腔攻击,观察疫苗的保护效果。结果小鼠免疫2针后,PHKCV+P组小鼠血清中和抗体水平明显高于PHKCV组;免疫1针和2针后,PHKCV+P组免疫小鼠诱生的特异性IFNγ斑点形成细胞(SFC)数均高于其他疫苗组,其保护效果明显优于PHKCV组。结论 PolyIC佐剂狂犬病疫苗可减少抗原用量,增强细胞免疫和体液免疫应答,特别是能产生早期的细胞免疫应答,从而提高传统狂犬病疫苗的保护效果。 Objective To observe the immune response induced by polyIC adjuvant rabies vaccine in mice. Methods PolyIC adjuvant rabies hamster kidney cell vaccine (PHKCV + P), human rabies virus hamster kidney cell vaccine (PHKCV) and Chinese rabies vaccine reference material (R) were diluted in 0d1 and 0, BALB / c mice were injected with PolyIC adjuvant control group (P) and blank control group (N). The mice were sacrificed on the 7th day and the 14th day respectively after initial immunization. The serum was separated and the level of neutralizing antibody Spleen was taken at the same time, the level of IFNγ secreted by spleen lymphocytes stimulated by rabies vaccine was detected by ELISPOT. The same immunized mice in the other group were challenged with CVS strain on the 7th and 14th day after the first immunization, Observe the protective effect of the vaccine. Results After immunization with 2 doses of mouse, the levels of neutralizing antibodies in PHKCV + P group were significantly higher than those in PHKCV group. After immunization with 1 and 2 doses of PHKCV + P group, the specific IFNγ - SFC) were higher than other vaccine groups, the protective effect was significantly better than the PHKCV group. Conclusion PolyIC adjuvant rabies vaccine can reduce the amount of antigen, enhance cellular and humoral immune response, especially to produce early cellular immune response, thereby enhancing the protection effect of the traditional rabies vaccine.