脑红蛋白(neuroglobin,Ngb)是最近研究发现的一类携氧球蛋白。在缺氧状态下能够促进氧气向线粒体内弥散,提高组织对氧的利用,尤其是在脑缺血缺氧性损伤时对神经组织有着非常重要的保护作用。已有研究证明Ngb在视网膜中的浓度约为脑中的50～100倍,对其亦有重要的神经保护作用。高原眼底病是发生于高原低氧环境下的眼底疾病,低压性缺氧损伤是其主要改变。现我们就Ngb在高原眼底病方面的应用做一综述。 Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a newly discovered class of oxygen-carrying globulin. Under hypoxia, it can promote the diffusion of oxygen into the mitochondria and improve the tissue utilization of oxygen, especially for the protection of nerve tissue in the process of cerebral ischemia-hypoxic injury. Studies have shown that Ngb concentration in the retina is about 50 to 100 times the brain, which also has an important neuroprotective effect. High altitude ocular fundus disease occurs in the plateau hypoxia environment of the fundus disease, hypoxia hypoxia damage is the main change. We will now review the use of Ngb in the high altitude ocular fundus.