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哈贝马斯的认识论是以反思批判为特点,以解放的认识兴趣为标志的。哈贝马斯通过回顾哲学史上从康德到马克思的哲学反思阶段,批判了实证主义拒绝自我反思要求、只对经验事实进行描述的客观主义缺陷,建构了以兴趣为基础、兴趣和认识相互交叉的认识论。他特别强调解放的兴趣在认识论重建中的意义,认为解放的兴趣达到了自觉的社会反思批判的层次和高度,是合理理解技术兴趣和实践兴趣的前提。我们应该批判地借鉴哈贝马斯的反思批判的认识论,改变对马克思主义认识论的单纯描述性的理解,凸显其反思批判的社会性维度。
Habermas’s epistemology is characterized by reflective criticism, marked by the liberation of cognitive interest. Habermas, by reviewing the stage of philosophical reflection from Kant to Marx in the history of philosophy, criticizes the objectivity flaws of positivism rejecting self-reflection requirements and only experiential facts, and constructs the relationship between interest and knowledge based on interest Epistemology. He especially emphasized the significance of the interest of liberation in the reconstruction of epistemology. He held that the interest in liberation has reached the level and height of conscious social reflexive criticism, which is the precondition of a reasonable understanding of technical interest and practical interest. We should critically borrow Habermas’s epistemology of reflection and criticism, change the simple descriptive understanding of Marxist epistemology, and highlight its social dimension of reflection and criticism.