目的探讨一起家庭呼吸道感染疫情的病原学,及腺病毒感染流行病学特征。方法采用相应的流行病学个案调查表进行现场调查,描述流行特征;采集患者咽拭子或呼吸道吸取物,利用反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)技术进行病毒核酸检测,确定致病原。结果累计发病7例,其中1例中老年患者出现重症肺炎并死亡,RT-PCR病毒核酸检测确认腺病毒感染;临床表现主要为发热,38℃以上,伴有乏力、肌肉酸痛、咳嗽、咽痛等症状,潜伏期大约4～10d,病程1W左右,通过封闭环境短距离长时间接触呼吸道传播。结论此起疫情由腺病毒感染引起,通过不明原因肺炎监测报告机制发现。 Objective To explore the etiology of an outbreak of respiratory tract infection in the family and the epidemiological characteristics of adenovirus infection. Methods The corresponding epidemiological case questionnaires were used to carry out on-the-spot investigation to describe the epidemiological features. Throat swabs or airway aspirates were collected and viral nucleic acid was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Pathogenic. Results A total of 7 cases were diagnosed. Among them, 1 case of severe pneumonia died in middle-aged and elderly patients, and adenovirus was detected by RT-PCR. The main clinical manifestations were fever, over 38 ℃, accompanied by fatigue, muscle soreness, cough and sore throat And other symptoms, the incubation period of about 4 ~ 10d, duration of about 1W, short-term exposure to the respiratory tract through a closed environment. Conclusion The onset of the outbreak was caused by adenovirus infection and was detected by the unexplained pneumonia surveillance reporting mechanism.