在海运温室气体排放上,国际组织所倡导的立法、制定的规则以及减排标准并没有在减排制度上形成高度共识,不同层面的立法努力并未达成理想的效果。国际海事组织(IMO)发布的船舶温室气体排放计划提出的技术措施、营运措施以及市场措施,对各国海运温室气体减排立法产生了重大影响。“共同但有区别的责任原则”是国际社会在海运温室气体减排问题上达成的具有普适意义的共识,但实施中需要具体化。中国作为海运大国和贸易大国,应该基于本国的基本利益和国情积极应对海运温室气体减排,在融入国际海运温室气体减排体制、构建排放交易市场机制以及探索碳排放税征收上作出积极的回应。 In the maritime greenhouse gas emissions, the legislation advocated by international organizations, the rules set forth and the emission reduction standards do not form a high degree of consensus on the emission reduction system. Legislative efforts at different levels have not achieved the desired results. The technical measures, operational measures and market measures put forward by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for ship’s greenhouse gas emission plan have had a significant impact on the legislation on greenhouse gas emission reduction in various countries. The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities is a universally agreed consensus reached by the international community on maritime greenhouse gas emission reduction but needs to be embodied in its implementation. As a big shipping and trading nation, China should actively respond to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions based on its own basic interests and national conditions, make a positive response to the integration of the international shipping greenhouse gas emission reduction system, the establishment of an emissions trading market mechanism and the exploration of carbon tax levy .