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目的研究江滩型日本血吸虫病中度流行区化疗后人群再感染及其危险因素。方法选择安徽省当涂县一江滩型血吸虫病流行村作为观察试区。追踪观察129例感染者中吡喹酮治疗后虫卵转为阴性的126人在一个感染季节内的再感染情况。同时调查当地螺情和水体感染性变化情况以及居民接触疫水情况等因素;再对其进行单因素和多因素非条件 Logistic 回归分析。结果基线感染率为13.37%的江滩型日本血吸虫病中度流行区患者化疗后,经过一个感染季节其再感染率高达13.49%.基本恢复到化疗前人群感染水平。接触疫水处水体尾蚴密度、年龄、6～9月疫水接触指数、居住地距阳性螺点距离是再感染发生的主要危险因素,其危险度分别为10.396、0.194、3.413、和2.556。结论本研究为提高人群抗再感染的能力和制订预防血吸虫再感染的措施提供了理论依据。
Objective To study the re-infection of human and its risk factors after moderate chemotherapy in moderate endemic areas of Schistosoma japonicum. Methods Select a prevailing village of Shuangjiang type schistosomiasis in Dangtu County, Anhui Province as an observation area. Follow-up was performed to observe the re-infection of 126 people who turned negative eggs into eggs in one infected season in 129 infected persons after praziquantel treatment. At the same time, the investigation of the local snail and the changes of water infectivity and residents contact with the epidemic situation and other factors; and then uni-factor and multi-factor non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results After chemotherapy, the infection rate of 13.37% of the endemic areas of Schistosoma japonicum endemic to schistosoma japonicum was 13.49% after one infection season, basically returning to the level of infection before chemotherapy. The density of cercariae, age, water contact index from June to September and contact distance from the positive spiral point of contact water were the main risk factors of reinfection. The hazard ratios were 10.396, 0.194, 3.4313 and 2.556 respectively. Conclusions This study provides a theoretical basis for improving anti-re-infection ability of the population and developing measures to prevent reinfection of schistosome.