近年来已克隆出几种Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型ＢＭＰ受体．ＢＭＰ受体属于ＴＧＦβ受体超家族的成员，具有丝氨酸／苏氨酸蛋白激酶活性．Ⅰ型与Ⅱ型ＢＭＰ受体均可与ＢＭＰ配基结合，但若执行传递信号功能，两受体需首先形成复合物．删除突变和基因剔除研究证明，ⅠＡ型ＢＭＰ受体对动物的中胚层发育至关重要．而ⅠＢ型ＢＭＰ受体在软骨细胞形成、成骨细胞分化以及程序化细胞死亡方面起主要作用．ＢＭＰ受体信号传递分子Ｓｍａｄ１和Ｓｍａｄ５也已被克隆和鉴定，它们在ＢＭＰ受体介导的功能中起重要作用 In recent years, several types I and II BMP receptors have been cloned. BMP receptors belong to members of the TGF [beta] receptor superfamily with serine / threonine protein kinase activity. Both Type I and Type II BMP receptors bind to BMP ligands, but if the signal-carrying function is performed, the two receptors need to first form a complex. Deletion mutations and gene knockout studies have demonstrated that type A BMP receptors are crucial for mesodermal development in animals. Type IB BMP receptors play a major role in chondrocyte formation, osteoblast differentiation, and programmed cell death. BMP receptor signaling molecules Smad1 and Smad5 have also been cloned and identified and play an important role in BMP receptor-mediated function