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目的:为鉴别和进一步研究开发大头陈提供参考依据。方法:对大头陈进行性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别。结果:药材具有特殊的香气。显微特征为:根木质部占绝大部分,射线明显。茎皮层可见含红棕色分泌物的分泌细胞,髓部宽广。叶大型的腺鳞易见,非腺毛众多,可见小腺毛。粉末中可见大型的腺鳞、小腺毛、星状毛、花萼表皮细胞及种子表皮细胞等。紫外光谱特征为石油醚浸出液在206 nm处有吸收峰,乙醚浸出液在271 nm处有吸收峰,无水乙醇浸出液在204 nm处有吸收峰,薄层色谱可见4个斑点。结论:以上显微特征对大头陈鉴别有意义。
Objective: To provide a reference for the identification and further research and development of Chen Chen. Methods: Character identification, microscopic identification and physicochemical identification were performed on Datouchen. Result: medicinal herbs have a special aroma. The microscopic feature is that the roots and xylems make up the majority of the ray. In the stem layer, secretory cells with reddish-brown secretions were observed, and the pith was broad. Leaf large glandular scales are easy to see, many non-glandular hairs, and small glandular hairs are visible. Large glandular scales, small glandular hairs, stellate hairs, calyx epidermal cells, and seed epidermal cells can be seen in the powder. The UV spectra showed that the petroleum ether extract had an absorption peak at 206 nm, the ether extraction solution had an absorption peak at 271 nm, the anhydrous ethanol extraction solution had an absorption peak at 204 nm, and the thin spots showed 4 spots. Conclusion: The above microscopic features are significant for the identification of macrocephalus.