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目的研究慢性肾脏病(CKD)住院患者合并高血压的临床特征。方法采用横断面+回顾性的流行病学研究方法,调查2009年11月—2010年2月上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肾脏科住院CKD患者的高血压患病、知晓、治疗和控制比例,研究危险因素及降压药物使用情况。2015年6—8月通过电话问卷回访调查CKD合并高血压患者的血压控制情况,有无不良事件发生。结果共纳入住院CKD患者439名,合并高血压的患病比例为69.5%(305/439),知晓比例为95.4%(291/305),治疗比例为92.8%(283/305),高血压控制比例为36.4%(111/305)。住院CKD合并高血压患者中61.3%(187/305)需要使用1种以上降压药治疗。5年后的随访发现,血压未达标患者不良事件的发生比例显著高于血压达标患者(P<0.001)。结论1CKD患者的高血压患病比例高,患者的高血压知晓及治疗比例高,但是高血压的达标比例较低。2多数CKD患者需要应用1种以上降压药物来控制血压。3有效控制血压能显著减少不良事件的发生。
Objective To study the clinical characteristics of hypertension in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods The cross-sectional and retrospective epidemiological methods were used to investigate the prevalence, knowledge, treatment and control of hypertension in CKD patients in Renal Department of Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from November 2009 to February 2010. , Study of risk factors and antihypertensive drug use. From June to August 2015, a telephone interview was conducted to investigate the control of blood pressure in CKD patients with hypertension and whether there were any adverse events. Results A total of 439 hospitalized patients with CKD were enrolled. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 69.5% (305/439), 95.4% (291/305), 92.8% (283/305), hypertension control The ratio was 36.4% (111/305). 61.3% (187/305) of hospitalized CKD patients with hypertension need more than one antihypertensive drug. Follow-up after 5 years found that the incidence of adverse events in patients with non-compliance was significantly higher than those with blood pressure compliance (P <0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in patients with 1CKD is high, the patients are aware of high blood pressure and the proportion of patients with hypertension is high, but the rate of hypertension is lower. 2 Most patients with CKD need to use more than one type of antihypertensive drugs to control blood pressure. 3 Effective control of blood pressure can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse events.