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目的：研究辐射致染色体畸变的不完全互换的真实频率。方法：采集人体外周血淋巴细胞进行 ２ Ｇｙ 和５ Ｇｙ γ射线（１３７ Ｃｓ，１０ Ｇｙ／ｍ ｉｎ）照射。用 ２ 号和４ 号染色体的全染色体探针及端粒探针进行荧光原位杂交，分析染色体畸变。结果：不考虑端粒探针时，染色体不完全互换的频率为 ２７％ ，但扣除由端粒探针鉴别出的假不完全互换后，此频率降低到 １１％ 。由于端粒信号在大约８２％ 的端粒上出现，所以不完全互换的真实频率应该更低，估计为３％ 。在剂量为２ Ｇｙ 和５ Ｇｙ 时，２ 号和４ 号染色体不完全互换的真实频率是一样的（３％ ）。结论：γ射线照射人体外周血淋巴细胞造成的不完全互换的真实频率显著低于文献的报道值。
Objective: To study the true frequency of incomplete exchange of chromosome aberrations induced by radiation. Methods: Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were collected and irradiated by 2 Gy and 5 Gy γ rays (137 Cs, 10 Gy / m in). Chromosome aberrations were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization using whole chromosome probes and telomere probes of chromosomes 2 and 4. RESULTS: In the absence of telomere probes, the frequency of incomplete exchange of chromosomes was 27%, but the frequency was reduced to 11% after deducting the false incomplete exchange identified by telomere probes. Since telomere signals appear on about 82% of telomeres, the true frequency of incomplete exchanges should be lower, estimated at 3%. At 2 Gy and 5 Gy, the true frequency of incomplete interchanges of chromosomes 2 and 4 was the same (3%). CONCLUSIONS: The true frequency of incomplete exchange due to γ-ray irradiation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes is significantly lower than reported in the literature.