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目的分析2010—2016年间上海市闵行区6~18岁年龄段学生营养不良流行趋势,为制定中小学学生营养不良防治措施提供依据。方法使用2010—2016年闵行区体质健康监测点学校健康体检数据,对所有6~18岁的学生利用2014儿童青少年发育水平的综合评价国家标准进行评价,分析不同营养不良类型和不同年龄段学生的营养不良检出率。结果上海市闵行区2010—2016年中小学学生营养不良检出率均呈现先升高后下降的趋势;营养不良的类型以单纯消瘦为主,但是13~18岁男生组消瘦检出率由2010年的3.5%升高到了2016年的7.8%,13~18岁女生组的消瘦检出率由2010年的1.3%升高到了2016年的3.9%。结论上海市闵行区中小学学生的营养不良总体控制较好,但是13~18岁组的消瘦检出率有逐年升高的趋势,应依托闵行区医教结合工作,与学生的超重肥胖控制工作相结合来改善该年龄段学生的营养不良。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of malnutrition among students aged 6 ~ 18 years in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2010 to 2016, and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students. Methods The physical examination data of health monitoring schools in Minhang District from 2010 to 2016 were used to evaluate all the children aged 6-18 years using the national standard of comprehensive evaluation of children’s adolescent development level in 2014. The data of different malnutrition types and students of different ages Malnutrition detection rate. Results The prevalence of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students in Minhang District in Shanghai from 2010 to 2016 showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The type of malnutrition was mainly weight loss. However, the prevalence of malnutrition among boys aged 13-18 was increased from 2010 The rate of emaciation in girls aged 13-18 increased from 3.5% in 2010 to 7.8% in 2016, and the rate of emaciation among girls aged 13-18 increased from 1.3% in 2010 to 3.9% in 2016. Conclusion Primary and secondary school students in Minhang District, Shanghai overall malnutrition control is better, but the 13 to 18-year-old group of wasting rate has increased year by year, should rely on the combination of medical education in Minhang District, and students overweight and obesity control Combined to improve the malnutrition of students in this age group.