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本文认为,我们现在面对着两个基本的问题:如何总体性地理解马克思主义以及如何理解马克思主义的总体性。为此,文章首先对实践进行了讨论,探讨了理论与实践的关系以及主客体辩证法。接着,文章继续从实践和历史的角度来考察辩证法,并把这一考察与本体论的问题结合起来。然后,文章借助实践的概念对本体论与认识论进行了探讨。在这个基础上,文章着重对总体性的范畴展开了考察。最后,文章就对总体性的误解与反对进行了澄清与批驳。
This article argues that we now face two basic problems: how to understand Marxism as a whole and how to understand the generality of Marxism. To this end, the article first discusses the practice, discusses the relationship between theory and practice, as well as the subject-object dialectics. The article then examines dialectics from a practical and historical point of view and combines this with the issues of ontology. Then, the article explores ontology and epistemology with the help of the concept of practice. On this basis, the article focuses on the scope of the overall investigation. Finally, the article clarifies and refutes the general misunderstanding and opposition.