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租期是定期租船合同中一项非常重要的内容,在确定租金费率的过程中,应充分考虑租期长短这一因素。而且,租期条款对租家和船东而言均是严格责任,违反租期条款可能会面临支付巨额赔偿的风险。租期长短的表述主要有两种,第一种是以一段时间作为租期,例如1年或6个月,另外一种则是以一个或几个航次(voyage)的历时作为租期。后者是一种常见的定期租船方式,被称作航次期租(Trip Time Charter或者Time Charter on Trip Basis)。从航程的角度理解,虽然以一个载货航次限定租期的航次期租合同与航次租船合同十分相似,但前者本质上仍属于定期租船合同。在英国高等法院近期审理的“The Wehr Trave”(1)一案中,法院对二者之间的差别进行了解释,也明确了“one time charter trip”的表述并非局限于一个载货航次。
Lease is a very important part of a fixed-term charterparty. In determining the rent rate, the full consideration should be given to the length of the lease. Moreover, the terms of the lease are strictly for both the charterer and the shipowner, and the risk of paying large sums of compensation may be subject to breach of the lease terms. There are two main types of statements about the length of a tenancy. The first one is based on a period of time, for example, one year or six months, and the other is on one or several voyage durations. The latter is a common term charter, known as Trip Time Charter or Time Charter on Trip Basis. It is understood from the voyage point of view that although the voyage charter party contract with voyage charter party is very similar to voyage charter party, the former is still essentially a fixed charter party. In the case of “The Wehr Trave” (1), recently heard by the High Court of England, the court explained the difference between the two and stated that the expression “one time charter trip” is not limited to one Cargo voyage.