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目的:分析健康教育在改良炉灶防治燃煤型氟中毒后期管理中的应用效果,为病区改良炉灶后的健康教育方法提供参考。方法:在2010年落实改良炉灶的病区单纯随机抽取3个村开展为期1年的健康教育干预,干预后每个村单纯随机抽取10户家庭户和4年级1个班学生调查燃煤型氟中毒知识知晓情况、家庭户炉灶使用、粮食干燥等相关生活行为情况。结果:①家庭户主和学生知晓率分别为87.86%、92.57%,与干预前比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。②家庭户炉灶正确使用率为100.00%,与干预前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);玉米、辣椒正确干燥率均为100.00%,与干预前比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论:病区实施改良炉灶后,持续开展1年的健康教育,目标人群燃煤型氟中毒知识知晓率和相关健康行为形成率均明显提高。所采取的后期管理健康教育措施适合干预村实际,可供其他病区借鉴。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of health education in the late stage management of coal-based fluorosis in prevention and control of health-care stoves, and to provide a reference for health education after the improvement of stove in ward. Methods: In 2010, a total of 3 villages were randomly selected from 3 wards to carry out health education interventions for improved stoves. One year of health education intervention was conducted in each village. Only 10 families and 1 grade 4 students in each village were randomly selected to investigate the coal- Poisoning knowledge of the situation, the use of household stoves, food drying and other related life and behavior. Results: ①The awareness rate of family heads and students was 87.86% and 92.57% respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01). (2) The correct utilization rate of household stoves was 100.00%, compared with that before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); the correct drying rates of corn and pepper were 100.00%, which were significantly different from those before intervention (P All <0.01). Conclusion: After 1 year of health education has been carried out in Ward with improved stoves, the awareness rate of coal-based fluorosis and the rate of formation of related health behaviors among the target population are significantly increased. The late management health education measures adopted are suitable for intervention village actuality and can be used for reference by other wards.