目的:探讨巨大肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的CT诊断及鉴别。方法:对10例经手术证实的巨大肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的CT诊断及鉴别诊断进行回顾性分析。结果:6例为瘤内出血,瘤体急剧增大,内压增大而突出性腹痛;4例为肿瘤外向性生长。只要发现肾脏肿瘤中有脂肪密度,CT值在-40Hu以下,增强扫描脂肪成份不强化,血管肌肉组织强化可诊断。结论:CT是诊断肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的可靠方法。 Objective: To investigate the CT diagnosis and differential diagnosis of giant renal angiomyolipoma. Methods: The CT diagnosis and differential diagnosis of 10 cases of giant renal angiomyolipoma confirmed by surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Six patients had intratumoral hemorrhage, the tumor volume increased sharply, and the internal pressure increased to highlight the abdominal pain. The other four were the outward growth of the tumor. As long as the discovery of kidney tumor fat density, CT value of -40Hu or less, enhanced scanning of the fat component is not enhanced, vascular muscle tissue enhancement can be diagnosed. Conclusion: CT is a reliable method for the diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma.