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以往的学术论文在论及国民公德的缺失原因时,常常偏重于内部主观因素的视角即强调当事者个人道德修养的不足所至。虽不无道理,但却有失偏颇。马克思绝不是一个机械决定论者,马克思主义同样也认为外因在一定条件下也可能起决定性作用。本文试图从外部客观因素的视角对这一问题作出全新的解读:在现实生存中,即使个人的道德修养达到社会所要求的高度或层次,在诸多外部客观因素的影响下,仍然会做出不道德的行为,这时,不是人不讲道德,而是外部客观因素迫使人不讲道德,在此意义上也可以说,人有时是不得不被动缺德。
In the past, when discussing the reasons for the lack of citizen’s morality, previous academic dissertations always emphasized the internal subjective factors, that is, emphasized the inadequacy of individual moral cultivation. Although not unreasonable, but it is biased. Marx is by no means a mechanical determinist, and Marxism also believes that external conditions may also play a decisive role under certain conditions. This article attempts to interpret this issue completely from the perspective of external objective factors: in the real life, even if the individual’s moral accomplishment reaches the level or level required by society, under the influence of many external objective factors, Moral behavior, at this time, not people do not speak ethics, but external objective factors force people not to moral, in this sense can also be said that people sometimes have to passively moral.