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随着气候变化,各种巨灾日益频发。巨灾的发生往往令人措手不及,其带来的损失更是各国政府面临的棘手问题。为弥补巨灾损失,确保灾后重建,一些发达国家意识到建立巨灾风险融资体系的重要性,并在几十年的探索和实践中形成了相对成熟的融资模式。我国是一个巨灾大国,但由于法律法规滞后,融资手段单一,尚未形成合理的巨灾管理体系。有鉴于此,本文通过对美日法三国巨灾融资体系的对比来为我国巨灾风险融资体系构建提供建议。
As the climate changes, various catastrophes become more frequent. Catastrophe is often caught by surprise, the loss is more difficult for governments in various countries. To make up for catastrophic losses and ensure post-disaster reconstruction, some developed countries are aware of the importance of establishing a catastrophe-risk financing system and have formed a relatively mature financing model in decades of exploration and practice. Our country is a catastrophe power, but due to the lag of laws and regulations and the single means of financing, a reasonable catastrophe management system has not been formed yet. In view of this, this article compares the catastrophe financing system in the United States, Japan and France to provide suggestions for the construction of China’s catastrophe risk financing system.