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本文研究了模拟酸雨对主要酸性土壤中铝的溶出及形态变化的影响。结果表明,模拟酸雨对土壤酸化的影响较小,但对土壤铝的溶出却影响明显,尤其在pH<4.0时;模拟酸雨对不同类型土壤的影响是不同的,其中以高度风化的酸性土壤较为敏感。模拟酸雨对土壤游离铝形态的影响是重要的,酸处理后,交换性铝略有增加,无定形活性铝增加较多,而有机络合态铝有减少的趋势。这表明在酸雨的长期作用下,铝终将转化为交换性铝和水溶性铝而进入环境并危害生态系统。
This paper studied the effects of simulated acid rain on the dissolution and morphological changes of aluminum in major acidic soils. The results showed that simulated acid rain had little effect on soil acidification, but had a significant effect on the dissolution of soil aluminum, especially at pH <4.0. The effects of simulated acid rain on different soil types were different. Among them, highly acidified soils sensitive. The effect of simulated acid rain on the form of soil free aluminum is important. After acid treatment, exchangeable aluminum slightly increased, amorphous active aluminum increased more, and organic complex aluminum decreased. This shows that over the long term of acid rain, the aluminum will eventually be converted into exchangeable aluminum and water-soluble aluminum to enter the environment and endanger the ecosystem.