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目的通过对产自宁夏、甘肃、青海、新疆和内蒙的苦豆子遗传多样性和亲缘关系的分析,为野生苦豆子资源的驯化和保护等提供依据。方法采用ISSR分子标记技术,对22个苦豆子居群的DNA进行扩增,对其扩增条带进行遗传多样性分析,在所得遗传距离的基础上进行UPGMA聚类和主成分分析(PCA),并绘制亲缘关系树状聚类图。结果 51条ISSR引物共检测到433个位点,每条引物5～12个,平均8.49个;平均多态性位点百分率(PPB)93.30%;Nei’s遗传多样性指数(H)和Shannon信息指数(I)分别为0.335 1、0.499 8;遗传距离变幅范围0.173 6～0.650 2。结论 22个苦豆子居群间具有较高的遗传多样性,各居群间遗传距离与地理距离没有明显关系。
Objective To analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of Sophora alopecuroides from Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia so as to provide basis for domestication and protection of wild Sophora alopecuroides. Methods ISSR markers were used to amplify the DNA of 22 populations of Sophora alopecuroides, and the genetic diversity of the amplified bands was analyzed. Based on the genetic distance, UPGMA clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) , And draw the phylogenetic tree cluster diagram. Results 51 ISSR primers were detected in 433 loci, with 5 to 12 primers (average 8.49). The average percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB) was 93.30%. Nei’s genetic diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.335 and 1.04899, respectively. The range of genetic distance was 0.173 6 ~ 0.650 2. Conclusion The 22 populations of Sophora alopecuroides have high genetic diversity, and the genetic distances among the populations are not significantly related to the geographic distance.