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目的观察分析新生儿肺炎早期与晚期的临床特点,为临床有效诊治提供参考。方法选取医院收治的肺炎新生儿258例为研究对象,依据日龄不同将入选病例分为A组(日龄0~7 d,127例)和B组(日龄8~28 d,131例)。观察比较2组肺炎类型、临床症状与体征表现及肺部X线情况。结果 A组吸入性肺炎112例(88.19%)、感染性肺炎15例(11.81%),B组吸入性肺炎11例(8.40%)、感染性肺炎120例(91.60%),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。B组口腔流液/吐沫、咳嗽、发热、肺部湿啰音及吸气三凹征发生率显著高于A组(P均<0.01);A组肺纹理增多模糊、点状密度增高影出现率高于B组,片状密度增高影、肺充气征和支气管充气征出现率低于B组(P均<0.01)。结论新生儿早期肺炎以吸入性肺炎为主,晚期以感染性肺炎为主,不同时期患儿肺炎临床症状、体征及肺部X线表现存在差异,有助于临床明确诊断。
Objective To observe and analyze the clinical features of early and late neonatal pneumonia and provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 258 neonates with pneumonia admitted to the hospital were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into group A (day 0 to 7, day 127) and group B (day 8 to 28, day 131) . Observe and compare the type of pneumonia, clinical symptoms and signs of the two groups and lung X-ray situation. Results A group of 112 cases of aspiration pneumonia (88.19%), 15 cases of infectious pneumonia (11.81%), B group of aspiration pneumonia in 11 cases (8.40%), 120 cases of infectious pneumonia (91.60%), Statistical significance (P <0.01). In group B, the incidence of oral fluid / spittle, cough, fever, lung wet rales and inspiratory trigeminal levy were significantly higher than those in group A (P <0.01). The lung texture in group A was more vague and the density of spots increased Rate was higher in group B than those in group B (P <0.01). Conclusions Early neonatal pneumonia is mainly caused by aspiration pneumonia and late-stage infectious pneumonia. Clinical symptoms, signs and pulmonary X-ray findings of children with pneumonia differ in different periods, which is helpful for the clinical diagnosis.