ANCA相关性小血管炎是西方国家最常见的自身免疫性疾病之一,也是近10~20年来国际国内研究的热点。此病临床较少见,中老年多发,一般以发热、乏力、消瘦、多系统受损为主症,且以损害肺和肾为主要临床表现,常伴有皮疹;其基本病理改变为坏死性小血管炎,ANCA自身抗体是其诊断的一种特异性指标。如对此病认识不足,临床易误诊。笔者就我科诊治的2例典型验案介绍如下。案1:姜某某,男,61岁,于2014年5月12日就诊。主 ANCA-related vasculitis is one of the most common autoimmune diseases in western countries, and is also a hot spot in international and domestic research in the past 10 to 20 years. The disease is less common in the elderly, middle-aged and elderly multiple, usually fever, fatigue, weight loss, multiple system damage is the main disease, and to damage the lungs and kidney as the main clinical manifestations, often accompanied by a rash; the basic pathological changes of necrosis Small vasculitis, ANCA autoantibodies is a specific indicator of its diagnosis. If you do not know enough about this disease, clinical misdiagnosis. The author on my diagnosis and treatment of 2 cases of typical cases described below. Case 1: Kang Moumou, male, 61 years old, on May 12, 2014 for treatment. the Lord