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激光精密焊接技术在焊点的精确定位以及焊接缺陷的实时检测方面还存在一些有待解决的问题。激光焊接过程会产生大量的等离子体,严重影响机器视觉系统的成像质量。试验证明,通过给机器视觉系统添加同轴辅助照明光源可实时获得清晰的熔池图像。在理想状态下,激光焊接的熔池形状应为圆形,根据这一特点设计了速度较快且准确度高的矩阵法进行熔池边缘的快速检测。利用圆拟合的方法在获得熔池中心坐标和半径的同时,还可进行边缘缺陷的实时检测。
Laser precision welding technology has some problems to be solved in the precise positioning of solder joints and the real-time detection of welding defects. Laser welding process will produce a lot of plasma, seriously affecting the quality of the machine vision system imaging. Experiments show that by adding a co-axial auxiliary lighting source to the machine vision system, a clear puddle image can be obtained in real time. Under the ideal condition, the shape of the weld pool should be round. According to this feature, a fast matrix method with high accuracy is designed to quickly detect the edge of the weld pool. Using the method of circle fitting, the center coordinates and radius of the weld pool can be obtained and real-time detection of edge defects can be carried out.