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对青引1号燕麦(Avenasativacv.QingyinNo.1)采用不同施磷处理,探讨不同施磷对其种子产量和产量性状的影响,并对产量性状和产量间的关系进行研究,找出最佳施磷量,为青海省燕麦种子生产提供了理论依据。结果表明:青引1号燕麦在施磷量75kghm-2时小穗数最多(45.97个),花序以不施任何肥料时最长(23.1cm),单序籽粒数以施磷量45kghm-2时最高(92.8个),单序籽粒重、千粒重、粒长、粒宽均在施磷量60kghm-2时最高(分别为2.47g、32.16g、1.474cm和0.336cm)。青引1号燕麦在施磷量60kghm-2时,种子产量及蛋白产量达到最高,分别为6285.0kghm-2和727.2kghm-2,其种子产量与施磷量间的数量关系符合ys=4502.40-15.20P+1.49P2-0.014P3。青引1号燕麦各产量性状与种子产量间的数量关系可用ys=-11209.87-14.72SNs+113.86Ns+15.27SNi+192.15SWi+2329.47Lg+22067.75Wg表示。粒宽、小穗数和粒长对种子产量的增加直接作用效应最大,而其他产量性状主要是通过影响粒宽的增加间接影响种子产量的增加。
The effects of different phosphorus fertilizers on the seed yield and yield traits of Avena sativacv. Qingyin No. 1 were studied under different phosphorus treatments. The relationship between yield traits and yield was studied to find the best Phosphorus content, provide the theoretical basis for oat seed production in Qinghai Province. The results showed that the number of spikelets was the highest (45.97) in Qianting No.1 oats at the rate of 75kghm-2, the longest (23.1cm) in inflorescences without any fertilizer, and the number of single grain was 45kghm-2 (92.8 seeds), single grain weight, 1000-grain weight, grain length and grain width were the highest (2.47g, 32.16g, 1.474cm and 0.336cm respectively) when phosphorus was 60kghm-2. The results showed that the yield and protein yield of Qingoin No. 1 reached the highest when the phosphorus was 60kghm-2, which were 6285.0kghm-2 and 727.2kghm-2, respectively. The quantitative relationship between seed yield and phosphorus application was in accordance with ys = 4502.40- 15.20P + 1.49P2-0.014P3. The relationship between yield and seed yield of Qing-Yin-1 oats was ys = -11209.87-14.72SNs + 113.86Ns + 15.27SNi + 192.15SWi + 2329.47Lg + 22067.75Wg. Grain width, spikelet number and grain length had the most direct effect on the increase of seed yield, while other yield traits mainly influenced the increase of seed yield indirectly by affecting the increase of grain width.