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本文对比研究了巨灾保险的三种可负担性定义,分别是参考法定义、规范性定义、有效需求定义,并对其划分办法在巨灾保险中的应用进行了探讨。参考法定义简单直观但是划分结果却比较模糊,规范性定义和有效需求定义分别从收入分配和代表性群体的保险需求为划分依据定义可负担性,后两者结果比较精确且各有优劣。通过问卷调查得到的结论更支持有效需求定义,然而进一步具体的实施还依赖于政府的巨灾风险管理制度以及大样本下的数据支持。
This paper comparatively studies the definition of three kinds of affordability of catastrophe insurance, which are the definition of reference law, the definition of normative definition and the definition of effective demand, and discusses the application of the division method in catastrophe insurance. The definition of reference method is simple and intuitive but the result of the classification is vague. The definition of normative definition and definition of effective demand respectively define the affordability from the income distribution and the insurance demand of the representative group as the basis for division. The latter two results are more accurate and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The conclusions reached by the survey more support the definition of effective demand, but further implementation depends on the government’s catastrophe risk management system and data support under a large sample.