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在保证强度、刚度和稳定性标准的条件下使车体重量减到最低限度是研制和设计新型客车车体时的基本要求之一。解决这个问题的最合理途径是,改进车体结构型式和使用单位强度高的新材料。采用新材料能够相当顺利地解决车体的轻量化问题。用铝合金试制的车体(PT200型旅客列车)以及与交通部协作研制的不锈钢客车车体就是个例子。但在使用高强度材料时可能会发现,车体虽能满足在强度和稳定性标准方面的要求,但其弯曲刚度不足。在这种情况下,车体的弯曲自振频率在数值上可能接近于人体内部器官的共振频率,因而将对旅客产生不良的影响。
One of the basic requirements for the development and design of a new passenger car body is to minimize the weight of the car body under the conditions of ensuring strength, rigidity and stability. The most reasonable way to solve this problem is to improve the structure of the body structure and the use of new materials with high unit strength. Using new materials can solve the problem of weight reduction of the body quite smoothly. The trial of the body with aluminum alloy (PT200-type passenger trains) and the Ministry of Communications in collaboration with the development of stainless steel passenger car body is an example. However, in the use of high-strength materials may find that the body can meet the standards of strength and stability requirements, but its bending stiffness is not enough. In this case, the bending natural frequency of the car body may be numerically close to the resonance frequency of the internal organs of the human body, thereby having an adverse effect on the passenger.