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当代的语言形式大多是意识形态统治的工具,这种语言追求最大便利的交际化,它毫不留情地排除了和个人最细微的感觉与经验相关的语言方式,排除了个人话语中蕴含的感知力。而诗人的努力就在于借助诗歌的语言来表达他的生存处境,通过这张“被冰雹打过的嘴”说出事实的真相。德国诗人格林贝恩诗中出现的各种疾病的意象,并非要赋予疾病本身以社会性和道德性批判,而是“疾病”这一词所蕴含的痛苦、伤害、恐惧、分裂以及忍受,契合了诗人的感受所要求表达的形象,是创作冲动使它以神秘的方式参与诗歌的创造。诗人的语言惟有通过隐喻及象征,才能使诗歌摆脱时代的局限,获得超越于我们当下理解力的意义。诗歌天然地反对意识形态,它决不会以出卖自己的艺术规律为代价来赢得社会批判的胜利。格林贝恩借助“疾病”这一象征,述说时代作用于个人生命的经验和心灵痛苦、意识分裂的感受,从而构建了属于他个人的“微观语义学”和个人的修辞学。
Contemporary linguistic forms are mostly instruments of ideological domination, the pursuit of the utmost convenience of the language of communication, it mercilessly ruled out and personal feelings and experience the most subtle ways of speaking, excluding the perception of personal discourse force. The poet’s endeavor is to express his existence by means of the language of poetry and to tell the truth through this “hated mouth.” The images of various diseases appearing in the German poet Greenburn’s poem do not mean to condemn the disease itself in terms of sociality and morality but rather the pain, injury, fear, division and endurance of the word “disease” The image expressed by the feeling of the poet is the creative impulse that makes it participate in the creation of poetry in a mysterious way. Only through metaphor and symbolism can the poet’s language get rid of the limitations of the times and gain the meaning beyond our immediate understanding. Poetry naturally opposes ideology and will never win the victory of social criticism at the expense of betraying its own art laws. With the symbol of “disease”, Greenbain said his own experience of “personal semantic” and personal rhetoric by describing the experiences of the times and the suffering of the mind and the feeling of divisiveness.