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楚汉垓下之战中,刘邦命人在江边用糖水写了四个大字“项羽自刎”,结果引来无数蚂蚁竞相舔食。当项羽突围至此看到这四个由蚂蚁组成的大字时,以为是天意如此,便拔剑自刎而死。这是较早利用骗术为战争服务的典型事例。在近现代战争史上,这样的例子更是屡见不鲜,它常常能迷惑敌军,瓦解敌军斗志,甚至使敌军丧失战斗力,从而达到不战而屈人之兵的目的。
In the war between Chu and Han, Liu Bangnong wrote a four-character “Xiang Yu Zi Wan” on the waterfront with syrup, which led to countless ants competing for licking. When Xiang Yu breakthrough so far to see the four characters composed of ants, that is God’s case, then pull the sword hesitate to die. This is a typical example of the earlier use of tricks to serve the war. In the modern history of the war, such examples are not uncommon. They can often confuse the enemy, dismantle the morale of the enemy, or even lose the enemy’s combat effectiveness so as to achieve the goal of fighting without infighting.