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在世界范围内海洋权益之争频繁发生、渐趋激化的背景下,中国海洋执法体制重构正在缓慢而艰难地推进中。认知对象是改造对象的前提和基础,全面认识、正确评价现行海洋执法体制对于中国海洋执法体制重构的顺利开展和海洋管控能力的持续提升具有重要的现实意义。文章按照“法律规范说”的理路,聚力于立法分析的视角,按照模糊主体、单一确定主体和多元确定主体,明确授权和指引授权,独立负责、分类管理和主次配合等不同标准,从执法主体、执法权限、执法机制等不同层面系统梳理了我国部门规章以上的涉海法律规范,全面分析、深入揭示了我国海洋执法体制建构的制度安排、布局现状和鲜明特点。
Under the background of frequent and intensified maritime rights and interests disputes throughout the world, the reconstruction of China’s maritime law enforcement system is slowly and difficultly advancing. Cognitive object is the prerequisite and foundation of the object of transformation. It is of great practical significance to comprehensively understand and correctly evaluate the current law enforcement system in marine law enforcement for the smooth development of the reconstruction of China’s maritime law enforcement system and the continuous improvement of marine control ability. According to the principle of “legal norm ”, the article collects different standards from the angle of view of legislative analysis, according to fuzzy main body, single main body and plural main body, clearly authorizing and guiding authority, independent management, classification management and primary and secondary cooperation , Systematically analyzed the legal norms concerning the law of the sea related to the regulations of our country departments from different levels such as the main body of law enforcement, the powers of law enforcement, and the law enforcement mechanisms. It comprehensively analyzed and thoroughly revealed the institutional arrangements, the present layout and the distinctive features of the system of maritime law enforcement in our country.