小儿外科手术是临床常见手术,由于患儿大多难以合作,局部麻醉很难进行手术,常常选择全身麻醉。由于手术时间相对较短,多采用保留自主呼吸,不插管情况下的氯胺酮(ketamine)全身麻醉。氯胺酮应用于临床已有数十年历史,用于小儿麻醉更为广泛。但该药兴奋交感神经引起心率加快、血 Pediatric surgery is a common clinical surgery, because most children are difficult to cooperate, local anesthesia is difficult to operate, often choose general anesthesia. Due to the relatively short operative time, more use of self-sustained breathing, do not intubation of ketamine under general anesthesia. Ketamine has been used clinically for decades and has been used extensively for pediatric anesthesia. However, the drug excited sympathetic heart rate, blood