一、引言地方政府的主要责任之一便是主要公共产品的供给,但在财政分权制度下科教文卫供给的效率并不高,且地区差异较大。分权改革以来经济建设虽取得了巨大成就,但公共服务领域的问题却未得到解决,医疗卫生事业支出的情况更为严重。近年各级政府对医疗的投入不断上升,有效缓解了支出不足导致的问题,但却忽略了医疗卫生的支出效率。随着市场经济的发展,政府干预民生领域的成效应有所提高,研究地方政府卫生支出效率的现状和影响因素具有重要意义。 I. Introduction One of the main responsibilities of local governments is the supply of major public goods. However, the efficiency of science, education and health supplies is not high under the system of fiscal decentralization, and there are large differences among regions. Although great achievements have been made in economic construction since decentralization reform, the problems in the field of public services have not yet been solved and the expenditures for medical and health undertakings have become even more serious. In recent years, the governments at all levels have continuously increased their investment in health care, effectively alleviating the problems caused by insufficient spending, but neglected the expenditure efficiency of health care. With the development of market economy, the effectiveness of government intervention in people’s livelihood should be improved. It is of great significance to study the status quo and influencing factors of the efficiency of local government health expenditure.