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目的:利用荧光原位杂交技术(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH),分析膀胱肿瘤中染色体畸变情况,探讨膀胱尿路上皮癌和非尿路上皮癌中染色体的表达及意义。方法:采用FISH技术检测25例膀胱尿路上皮癌、13例非尿路上皮癌(7例鳞癌,6例腺癌)标本中3、7、17号染色体及9p21的表达,以1 5例正常膀胱组织作为阴性对照。结果:38例膀胱肿瘤标本中3、7、17号染色体扩增明显,其中染色体在肿瘤和正常组织中平均拷贝数分别为:3号染色体为2.43 vs.1.46,7号染色体为2.29 vs.1.44,17号染色体为2.29 vs.1.30(P<0.01)。9号染色体P16基因为1.36 vs.1.14(P=0.05)。3、7、17号染色体在膀胱尿路上皮癌和非尿路上皮癌中扩增率差异无统计学意义,而9p21缺失率在两者中明显相关,在移行细胞癌、鳞癌、腺癌缺失率为52.0%(13/25)、100%(7/7)、83.7%(5/6)(P=0.037)。结论:采用FISH技术检测有助于探索3、7、17号染色体及9p21畸变与肿瘤类型的关系,并可作为膀胱非尿路上皮癌早期诊断的有用指标。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chromosomal aberrations in bladder tumors by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and to investigate the expression and significance of chromosomes in bladder urothelial carcinoma and non-urothelial carcinoma. Methods: FISH was used to detect the expression of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17 and 9p21 in 25 cases of bladder urothelial carcinoma, 13 cases of non-urothelial carcinoma (7 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 6 cases of adenocarcinoma) Normal bladder tissue served as a negative control. Results: The number of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17 in 38 cases of bladder tumor was significantly increased, and the average number of copies in the tumor and normal tissues were 2.43 vs 1.46 on chromosome 7 and 2.29 vs 1.44 on chromosome 7 , Chromosome 17 was 2.29 vs 1.30 (P <0.01). P16 gene on chromosome 9 was 1.36 vs 1.14 (P = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the amplification rate of chromosome 3, 7 and 17 in bladder urothelial carcinoma and non-urothelial carcinoma, while the deletion rate of 9p21 was significantly correlated between the two. In transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma Missing rates were 52.0% (13/25), 100% (7/7), 83.7% (5/6) (P = 0.037). Conclusion: The detection of FISH can help explore the relationship between chromosome 3,7, 17 and 9p21 aberrations and tumor types, and may be used as a useful indicator for the early diagnosis of bladder non-urothelial carcinoma.