我国海商法按照缔约和履约两个标准将托运人划分为合同托运人和交货托运人的做法不仅导致了海商法的内部冲突,而且导致了理论上的纷争和司法实践中的分歧。为此,应当回归海牙规则,以海运合同为标准来识别托运人。同时,取消发货人概念,将FOB卖方纳入提单持有人范畴,通过提单法律关系来调整其与承运人的关系,并结合合同法、侵权法和保险法予以充分的救济。 The practice of dividing the shipper into the contract shipper and the delivery shipper in accordance with the contractual and performance standards of maritime law in our country not only leads to the internal conflict of maritime law, but also causes the disputes in theory and the differences in judicial practice. For this purpose, the Hague Rules should be returned to identify the shipper by sea contract. At the same time, cancel the concept of shipper, FOB seller into the scope of the holder of the bill of lading, through the legal relationship of bill of lading to adjust its relationship with the carrier, combined with the contract law, tort law and insurance law to be fully relief.