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目的评估糖尿病患者自我效能的现状,并探讨影响其自我效能的相关危险因素。方法选择2012年1月-2014年12月在深圳市人民医院内分泌科住院治疗的糖尿病患者148例为研究对象,采用问卷调查法收集资料,对研究对象的自我效能进行评估,并对影响患者自我效能的相关因素进行分析。结果本组研究中糖尿病患者自我效能水平平均为(6.74±1.15)。单因素分析结果显示,受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、糖尿病知识了解程度、抑郁水平、饮食控制、运动治疗与糖尿病患者自我效能水平密切相关(P<0.05),而患者其他临床指标与其自我效能水平无明显相关性(P>0.05)。多因素逐步logistic回归结果发现家庭人均月收入低、糖尿病知识了解程度差、有抑郁情况、没有运动治疗是影响糖尿病患者自我效能现状的独立危险因素。结论家庭人均月收入、糖尿病知识了解程度、抑郁水平、运动治疗是影响糖尿病患者自我效能现状的独立危险因素,临床应从这几个方面着重制定一些干预措施,以提高糖尿病患者的自我效能水平,预防和减少并发症的发生,改善患者的预后。
Objective To evaluate the status of self-efficacy in patients with diabetes mellitus and explore the related risk factors that affect their self-efficacy. Methods A total of 148 diabetic patients hospitalized in Department of Endocrinology of Shenzhen People’s Hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were selected as research subjects. Data were collected by questionnaire method to evaluate the self-efficacy of the study subjects. Performance-related factors for analysis. Results The average self-efficacy of diabetic patients in this study was (6.74 ± 1.15). Univariate analysis showed that there was a close correlation between education attainment, per capita monthly household income, understanding of diabetes knowledge, depression level, diet control, exercise therapy and self-efficacy of diabetic patients (P <0.05), while other clinical indexes of patients and their self-efficacy No significant correlation (P> 0.05). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression found that low per capita monthly household income, poor knowledge of diabetes, depression, and no exercise were independent risk factors influencing the self-efficacy status of diabetic patients. Conclusions Monthly per capita family income, understanding of diabetes knowledge, depression level and exercise therapy are independent risk factors influencing self-efficacy status of patients with diabetes mellitus. Some interventions should be formulated in order to improve self-efficacy and prevention of diabetic patients And reduce the incidence of complications, improve the prognosis of patients.