目的:探讨服刑人员神经质人格对抑郁的影响以及应对方式在其中所起的作用。方法:采用艾森克人格问卷神经质分量表、抑郁自评量表、特质应对方式问卷，对福建省某监狱的274名有效被试进行了问卷调查，采用SPSS 23.0进行数据分析，采用Mplus 7.0进行结构方程模型建模和Bootstrap中介效应检验。结果:(1)神经质人格特质得分为(11.08±5.51)分，积极应对得分为(32.47±6.45)分，消极应对得分为(28.81±5.96)分，抑郁得分为(41.15±9.07)分。神经质人格与积极应对呈显著负相关(n r＝-0.40，n P<0.01)，与消极应对和抑郁显著正相关(n r＝0.39，n P<0.01；n r＝0.69，n P<0.01)。(2)神经质人格正向预测抑郁，可以解释抑郁总分46.4%的变异量(n F＝46.372，n P<0.01)。(3)应对方式(积极应对、消极应对)在神经质人格与抑郁之间起着部分中介的作用，整个模型拟合良好(χn 2/n df＝2.364，RMSEA＝0.070，NFI＝0.993，CFI＝0.996，RFI＝0.955，IFI＝0.996)，积极应对的中介效应量为0.108(95%n CI：0.061~0.157)，消极应对的中介效应量为0.066(95%n CI：0.021~0.109)。n 结论:神经质人格一方面直接影响抑郁，另一方面通过积极应对和消极应对间接影响抑郁。“,”Objective:To explore the relationship between neuroticism and depression, and the mediating effect of coping style.Methods:A total of 274 prision inmates of Fujian province were tested by self-rating depression scale, Eysenck personality questionnaire and coping style questionnaire.SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis, and Mplus 7.0 was used for structural equation modeling and Bootstrap mediating test.Results:(1) The scores of neuroticism, positive copying style, negative coping style and depression were 11.08±5.51, 32.47±6.45, 28.81±5.96, 41.15±9.07, respectively.Neuroticism was negatively correlated with positive copying style(n r=-0.40, n P<0.01) and positively correlated with negative coping style(n r=0.39, n P<0.01) and depression(n r=0.69, n P<0.01). (2)Neuroticism positively predicted depression and could explain 46.4% variation of depression score(n F=46.372, n P<0.01). (3)Coping styles (positive coping style and negative coping style) had partial mediating effects between neuroticism and depression.The whole model was well fitted (χn 2/n df=2.364, RMSEA=0.070, NFI=0.993, CFI=0.996, RFI=0.955, IFI=0.996), and the effect size of positive coping style and negative coping style were 0.108(95%n CI: 0.061-0.157) and 0.066(95%n CI: 0.021-0.109).n Conclusion:Neuroticism directly affects depression and indirectly affects depression by means of positive coping style and negative coping style.