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甘肃敦煌的莫高窟和河南洛阳的龙门石窟、山西大同的云冈石窟并称为中国三大石窟。莫高窟背靠鸣沙山,面对三危峰,窟区南北全长1600多米,现存洞窟493个,洞窟大小不一,上下错落,密布崖面,每个洞窟里面都有栩栩如生的塑像,婀娜多姿的飞天,精美绝伦的壁画,构图精巧的花砖,构成了一个充满宗教氛围的佛国世界。莫高窟始建于前秦建元二年,也就是公元366年,历经北凉、北魏、西魏、北周、隋、唐、五代、宋、西夏、元等朝代,在现存的洞窟中有壁画45000多平方米,塑像2400余身,最大塑像高30多米,最大壁画约50平方米。莫高窟的壁画艺术是龙门、云冈石窟所没有的,它是莫高窟艺术的精髓。有“人类文化珍藏”、“形象历史博物馆”、“世界画廊”之美称。
The Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, and the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province, and the Yungang Grottoes in Datong in Shanxi Province are also called the three major grottoes in China. Mogao Grottoes back against Mingsha Peak, the face of Sanwei peak, north and south of the cave area of more than 1,600 meters in length, the existing 493 caves, caves of different sizes, scattered up and down, dense Cliff, each cave has lifelike statues, Graceful flying, exquisite murals, composition of exquisite tiles, constitutes a religious atmosphere of the Buddha World. Mogao Grottoes was built in the second year of the predecessor Qinjian. In 366 AD, there were more than 45,000 murals in the existing caves after the Northern Liang, Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Xixia and Yuan dynasties Square meters, more than 2,400 statues, the largest statues more than 30 meters high, the largest fresco about 50 square meters. Mural art murals are the gantry, Yungang Grottoes do not have, it is the essence of Mogao Grottoes art. A “collection of human culture,” “Image History Museum”, “World Gallery” reputation.