一、简述旱作物由大水漫灌改为畦灌、沟灌,能在一定程度上减轻水量损失和避免地下水位急剧上升,是我国灌区当前仍需继续推广采用的灌水方法。但对于畦灌、沟灌若没有相应的技术要求,仍会产生不良的作用。正确执行畦、沟灌水技术除了要求耕地有适当的地面平整度以外,要选择适宜的沟畦规格、入畦沟流量以及灌水时间,这三个灌水技术要素与土壤入渗性能、地面坡度、地面种植情况(糙率)、灌水定额以及对地块要求的 First, a brief description of dry crops from flood irrigation to irrigation, furrow irrigation, to a certain extent, reduce water loss and avoid a sharp rise in groundwater level, irrigation area is still need to continue to promote the use of irrigation methods. But for irrigation, furrow irrigation if there is no corresponding technical requirements, will still have a negative effect. Correct implementation of 畦, furrow irrigation technology requires arable land in addition to the appropriate ground roughness, to choose the appropriate ditch specifications, into the ditch ditch flow and irrigation time, the three irrigation technology elements and soil infiltration properties, ground slope, ground Planting conditions (roughness), irrigation quotas, and requirements for plots