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本文从认定环境是个哲学范畴、需要建立哲学的环境理论出发，探讨环境范畴的内涵、外延，探讨环境的分类．从内容角度可将环境分为自然环境、社会环境和文化环境三大类；从范围的伸展性角度可将环境分为大环境、中环境、小环境三圈层，从内容之特定性质角度可将环境分为硬环境和软环境两类；本文还探讨了各类环境对人类主体活动的作用及机制．
This article starts from the conclusion that the environment is a philosophical category and needs to establish the philosophical theory of environment. It explores the connotation and denotation of environmental categories and discusses the classification of the environment. From the perspective of content, the environment can be divided into three categories: natural environment, social environment and cultural environment. From the perspective of extensibility, the environment can be divided into three layers: environment, medium environment and small environment. From the perspective of the specific nature of the content The environment is divided into two categories: hard environment and soft environment. The paper also discusses the effect and mechanism of various environments on human activities.