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紫式部(约978—1015)是日本古典名著《源氏物语》的作者,她的《紫式部日记》(约1010),以叙述文体为主体,缀以书简体构成,并载入一些和歌。从时间来说,主要收入宽弘五年(1008)初秋至十二月三十日的日记,占全书的百分之六十五,后断续地记至宽弘七年(1010)正月中旬。内容以宫中的四时行事为经,作者的个人感怀为纬,以其独自个性的观察,细密地记录了她侍奉的皇后彰子生产敦成亲王,给彰子父亲藤原道长家带来荣华,道长及其周围的上层贵族人物的风姿,斋院和中宫的风气乃至女官们的仪容、服饰的比较评说,宫廷的四季盛仪,宫中的景致,以及对同样侍奉于宫中的和泉式部、赤染卫门、清少纳言三才女的才能和性格的批评,以及自我的反省,并且对物语文学的评论、对佛道的志向、对读经的音乐性感受和对唐乐、唐绘的欣赏,还记有亡夫后对孤寂的人生体验,以及自己难以融入宫中荣华生活的内省精神,并以其敏锐的观察力和批评眼,审视和揭示荣华的内里隐藏的衰颓的本质性现实。尤其是末尾记载了宫中盛大的仪式时右大臣的酒醉失态,发出了不协调音,并将这种现实与自己面对的人生遭际联系起来,加以象征化,流露了几分悔恨、孤独和苦痛之情。作为一个女作家,对人生与社会有如此深刻的思索和批判精神是难能可贵的。从这部日记中,也反映出紫式部与中国文化和文学的密切联系,不时直接或间接议论“书”(汉籍)、“才”(汉学)和活用其中的某些典故,以及暗自向彰子侍讲《白氏文集》的情形等,还提及皇上对她创作《源氏物语》通于汉学的评说。《紫式部日记》作为随笔集,在日本文学史上是占有独特的地位的。
Violet Department (about 978-1015) is the author of the Japanese classic “Tale of Genji”, her “Violet Department diary” (about 1010), narrative style as the main body, decorated with the book simplified form, and contains some songs. From time to time, the diary of the main income, KK WONG (1008), from early fall to December 30, accounting for 65% of the book, is intermittently recorded in the middle of the first lunar month . The content is based on the four o’clock palace, the author’s personal feelings for the latitude, with its own individuality observation, carefully recorded her service Queen’s Prince Takuyuki Prince, Changsuk father Fujiwara Daoguang bring prosperity, The grace of the upper aristocrats in and around the governor, the temperament of Zhaiyuan and Zhonggong, the appearance of female officials, the comparative comments on costumes, the four seasons of the court, the views of the palace, Department of the Ministry of Red Cliff, Red Gate Narrator’s ability and character criticism, as well as self-reflection, and comments on the story of literature and literature, the ambition of the Buddhist, the musical experience of the study of the Scriptures and the Tang Yue, Tang Painting and appreciation, but also remembers the lonely life experience after the death of her husband, as well as his own introspection that it is difficult to integrate into the splendid life in the palace. With its acute observation and criticism, she examines and reveals the hidden essence of decay Sexual reality. In particular, at the end of the day he described the drunkenness and the uncoordination of the right minister during the grand ceremony in the palace and symbolized this reality with a few moments of remorse, solitude and loneliness Painful feelings. As a woman writer, it is commendable to have such deep thinking and critical spirit in life and society. From this diary, it reflects the close ties between the Zifan Department and Chinese culture and literature, from time to time, directly or indirectly, discussing some of the allusions, such as “Chinese”, “Han”, “ As well as secretly to Shiko Chang’s ”White Collection“ of the situation, also referred to the emperor’s creation of her ”Tale of Genji“ in Sinology commentary. As a essay, ”Violet Department Diary" occupies a unique position in the history of Japanese literature.